ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity in Indian women had increased from 10.6% to 14.8% in India. Mothers who are overweight or obese during pregnancy and childbirth cause significant antenatal, intrapartum, postpartum and also neonatal complications. Aim and Objective: The present study aimed to explore various maternal and fetal outcomes influenced by maternal obesity. The objective was to find the effect of obesity on maternal and perinatal outcome among obese pregnant women compared to those of normal weight. Methods: The study was conducted in antenatal women attending antenatal outpatient department of of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a teriary care referral hospital in Mumbai. Results recorded in simple percentages. Results: Eighteen percent cases developed gestational diabetes mellitus during their antenatal period and 15% developed gestational hypertension. 44% patients underwent lower segment caesarean section. The need for induction of labour and caesarean section was found to be 37% which is significantly higher. Increased NICU admissions due to hypoglycemia or congenital malformations,prematurity was found to be on a higher side. Conclusions: It was clearly evident from the present study that maternal obesity had adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Maternal obesity was strongly associated with antenatal complications like gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and increase in need for induction of labour and operative interference.
ABSTRACT
Background: Atypical organisms are a common causative agent of pneumonia in children more than 3 years of age, causing around 10-30% of the cases. Though atypical pathogens are said to cause relatively milder form of pneumonia as compared to other bacterial and viral pathogens, severe manifestations can also occur. Early identification of these pathogens can help in starting treatment with macrolides, which can reduce the length of hospital stay and mortality. Hence in this study the prevalence of atypical organisms was identified by using serum Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in children between 3 years to 18 years of age with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia admitted in wards and PICU in KIMS hospital. Authors excluded Immunocompromised children. Detailed history and clinical examination was done. Investigations - complete hemogram, Chest Xray, blood Culture and sensitivity and serum PCR was done for a sample size of 100 children.Results: In this study among the three atypical organisms, Legionella pneumoniae was identified in 2% of the cases by serum PCR.Conclusions: In this study among the three atypical pathogens authors could only identify Legionella pneumoniae. Prevalence of Legionella pneumoniae was 2%. While treating children aged 3 years to 18 years with pneumonia, a high degree of suspicion of atypical pathogens is required, especially in Legionella because of its high mortality rate. In such circumstances adding macrolides along with other antibiotics will be beneficial to the patients outcome and duration of hospital stay.
ABSTRACT
Background: Child abuse is one of the problems in our society which still needs to be highlighted for general public in our country. It is a pressing human right issue and public health concern and the efforts to assess the awareness and mass education is very limited. Current study aimed to access knowledge and attitude for child abuse among parents attending a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The study was conducted amongst parents visiting pediatric OPD at Kempegowda institute of medical sciences, Bengaluru. Total 200 Parents were required to answer a series of questionnaire and then was statically analyzed.Results: It was seen that majority of parents lack knowledge regarding child abuse, 25% of parents believe that child abuse is just sexual violence, 23% parents thought that stubborn children can only be handled by physical punishment, 46% parents believed that only a girl child can be a victim of sexual abuse and only 19% had firm belief that boys can also be victim, 45% of parents believed that it is necessary to discuss with the child before making important decision concerning them, 35% parents were against the corporal punishment.Conclusions: There is a need to evolve strategies to protect the children from abuse and the measures should address both boys and girls and minimize impact.